To help a schoolchild. To help the schoolchild Oda about you whom the fatherland awaits

Oh yeah
on the day of accession to the All-Russian throne
Her Majesty the Empress
Elisaveta Petrovna 1747

Kings and kingdoms of the earth are a delight,
Beloved silence,
The bliss of the villages, the city fence,
How useful and beautiful you are!
The flowers around you are full of flowers
And the fields in the fields turn yellow;
The ships are full of treasures
They dare to follow you into the sea;
You pour in with a generous hand
Your wealth on earth.

Great light of the world,
Shining from the eternal heights
On beads, gold and purple,
For all the earthly beauties,
He lifts his gaze to all countries,
But he doesn’t find anything more beautiful in the world
Elizabeth and you.
Besides that, you are above everything;
The soul of her zephyr is quieter,
And the vision is more beautiful than heaven.

When she took the throne,
As the Most High gave her a crown,
Brought you back to Russia
Put an end to the war;
She kissed you when she received you:
I'm full of those victories, she said,
For whom blood flows.
I enjoy Russian happiness,
I don't change their calmness
The whole west and east.

Befitting the divine lips,
Monarch, this gentle voice:
O how worthily exalted
This day and that blessed hour,
When from a joyful change
The Petrovs raised the walls
Splash and click to the stars!
When you carried the cross with your hand
And she took her to the throne with her
Your kindness is a beautiful face!

So that the word can be equal to them,
Our strength is small;
But we can't help ourselves
From singing your praises.
Your generosity is encouraging
Our spirit is driven to run,
Like a swimmer's show-off, the wind is capable
The waves break through the ravines;
He leaves the shore with joy;
The food flies between the depths of the water.

Then the sciences are divine
Through mountains, rivers and seas
They extended their hands to Russia,
To this monarch saying:
"We are ready with utmost care
Submit in the Russian gender new
Fruits of the purest mind."
The monarch calls them to himself,
Russia is already waiting
It is useful to see their work.

But ah, cruel fate!
A worthy husband of immortality,
The reason for our bliss,
To the unbearable sorrow of our souls
The envious one is rejected by fate,
He plunged us into deep tears!
Having filled our ears with sobs,
The leaders of Parnassus revolted,
And the muses saw off with a cry
The most luminous spirit enters the heavenly door.

In so much righteous sadness
Their path was doubtful;
And just as they walked they wished
Look at the coffin and the deeds.
But meek Catherine,
There is only one joy in Petra,
Accepts them with a generous hand.
Oh, if only her life could last longer,
Sekwana would have been ashamed long ago
With your art in front of the Neva!

What kind of lordship surrounds
Is Parnassus in great sorrow?
Oh, if it rattles in agreement there
Pleasant strings, sweetest voice!
All the hills are covered with faces;
Cries are heard in the valleys:
Great Peter's daughter
Father's generosity exceeds
The muses' satisfaction aggravates
And fortunately he opens the door.

Worthy of great praise
When the number of your victories
A warrior can compare battles
And he lives in the field all his life;
But the warriors are subject to him,
His praises are always involved,
And noise in the shelves from all sides
The sounding glory drowns out,
And the thunder of trumpets disturbs her
The lamentable groan of the vanquished.

This is your only glory,
Monarch, belongs,
Vast is your power
Oh how he thanks you!
Look at the mountains above,
Look into your wide fields,
Where is the Volga, Dnieper, where the Ob flows;
Wealth is hidden in them,
Science will be frank,
What blooms with your generosity.

A lot of land space
When the Almighty ordered
Happy citizenship to you,
Then he opened the treasures,
What India boasts of;
But Russia demands it
By the art of approved hands.
This will cleanse the vein of gold;
The stones will feel the power too
Sciences restored by you.

Although the constant snow
The northern country is covered,
Where the frozen boar's wings
Your banners flutter;
But God is between the icy mountains
Great for its miracles:
There Lena is pure rapids,
Like the Nile, he will give the peoples drink
And Bregi finally loses,
Comparing the width of the sea.

Since many are unknown to mortals
Nature creates miracles,
Where the density of animals is cramped
There are deep forests
Where in the luxury of cool shadows
On the flock of galloping fir trees
The cry did not disperse the catchers;
The hunter did not aim his bow anywhere;
The farmer knocks with an ax
Didn't frighten the singing birds.

Wide open field
Where should the muses stretch their path!
To your magnanimous will
What can we repay for this?
We will glorify your gift to heaven
And we will put up a sign of your generosity,
Where the sun rises and where is Cupid
Spinning in the green banks,
Wanting to come back again
To your power from Manzhur.

Behold the gloomy eternity
Hope opens to us!
Where there are no rules, no law,
Wisdom there builds the temple;
Ignorance pales before her.
There the wet fleet path turns white,
And the sea tries to give in:
Russian Columbus through the waters
Hastens to unknown nations
Proclaim your bounties.

There, sown by the darkness of islands,
The river is like the ocean;
Heavenly blue blankets,
The peacock is put to shame by the corvid.
There are clouds of different birds flying,
What variegation exceeds
Tender spring clothes;
Eating in fragrant groves
And floating in pleasant streams,
They don't know harsh winters.

And behold, Minerva strikes
To the top of Rifeyski with a copy;
Silver and gold are running out
In all your inheritance.
Pluto is restless in the crevices,
What the Russians are putting into their hands
Dredge his metal from the pores,
Which nature hid there;
From the brilliance of the daylight
He turns away his gaze gloomily.

O you who await
Fatherland from its depths
And he wants to see them,
Which ones are calling from foreign countries,
Oh, your days are blessed!
Be of good cheer now
It’s your kindness to show
What can Platonov's own
And the quick-witted Newtons
Russian land gives birth.

Sciences nourish young men,
Joy is served to the old,
IN happy life decorate,
In case of an accident they take care of it;
There's joy in troubles at home
And on distant journeys there is no hindrance.
Science is used everywhere
Among the nations and in the desert,
In the noise of the city and alone,
Sweet in peace and in work.

To you, O source of mercy,
O angel of our peaceful years!
The Almighty is your helper,
Who dares with his pride,
Seeing our peace,
To rebel against you with war;
The creator will save you
In all ways I am without stumbling
And your life is blessed
It will be compared with the number of your bounties.

Notes

In 1747, Elizabeth's government increased funding for academic needs. Perhaps, only in the “Khotyn” ode can the lyrical “delight” be compared in strength and sincerity with the emotional rise of the ode of 1747. The point here, of course, is not a partial improvement in the academic budget in itself. The fact is that this fact gave Lomonosov the opportunity to glorify his most sincere idea - the idea of the high national, state and moral benefit of the sciences. The ode of 1747 is rightfully one of Lomonosov’s most popular poetic works. Both in theme (Motherland, science, glorification of “silence”, peace) and in artistic decoration, this poem has no parallel in the odic poetry of that time.

Let us turn to the analysis of one of Lomonosov’s best odes, “On the day of the accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty the Empress Elizaveta Petrovna, 1747.” The term “ode” (from the Greek “ωδή, which means song) became established in Russian poetry, thanks to Trediakovsky, who, in turn, borrowed it from Boileau’s treatise. In the article “Discourse on Ode,” Trediakovsky described this genre as follows: “In ode material that is always and certainly described is noble, important, rarely tender and pleasant, in very poetic and magnificent speeches." Despite the hostility towards his literary opponent, Trediakovsky gave a definition of the genre, essentially based on Lomonosov's poetic experiments. This is exactly what Lomonosov's ode is. She addressed thematically to “noble and important matter”: peace and tranquility in the country, the wise rule of an enlightened monarch, the development of domestic sciences and education, the development of new lands and the prudent use of wealth in old lands.

Lomonosov developed in practice and approved for decades to come the formal characteristics of the genre, or, in other words, its poetics. In the ode we encounter large-scale images; a majestic style that raises the described pictures above the everyday; “lush” poetic language, rich in Church Slavonicisms, rhetorical figures, colorful metaphors and hyperboles. And at the same time - the classicist rigor of construction, the “harmony of verse”: consistent iambic tetrameter, ten-line stanza, unbreakable flexible rhyme scheme ababvvgddg.

Let's start analyzing the text from the first stanza:

The joy of kings and kingdoms of the earth, Beloved silence, The bliss of villages, the fence of cities, Since you are useful and beautiful! Around you the flowers are colorful and the fields in the fields are turning yellow; Ships full of treasures dare to follow you into the sea; With your generous hand You scatter Your wealth across the earth.

As if from a bird's eye view, the poet surveys villages, cities, eared grain fields, ships plowing the seas. They are all covered and protected by “blessed silence” - there is peace and quiet in Russia. The ode is dedicated to the glorification of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, but even before her appearance in the ode, the poet manages to express his main and cherished idea: peace, not war, contributes to the prosperity of the country. The Empress, who enters the ode in the next stanza, turns out to be, according to artistic logic, derived from this all-encompassing peaceful silence (“The soul of her zephyr is quieter”). A very interesting move! On the one hand, the poet maintains the parameters of the laudatory genre (“nothing in the world can be more beautiful than Elizabeth”). But on the other hand, from the first lines of the work he firmly outlined his author's position. And then the poet’s lyrical voice, and not a projection onto the image of the empress, will more and more clearly lead the development of the narrative. The dominant role of the lyrical hero in the ode is an undoubted artistic achievement of Lomonosov in this traditional classic genre.

Lomonosov strives to adhere to the compositional norms of the genre, that is, the principle of constructing an odic poem. The introductory part states the subject of the chanting and the main idea of the work (though, as we have seen, the poet swapped them). This is the thesis. The main part substantiates and proves the stated thesis about the greatness and power of the glorified subject. And finally, the conclusion (or ending) gives a look into the future, into the further prosperity and power of the glorified phenomena. The norms of classicism are rationalistic, therefore one compositional part of the work strictly and consistently follows the prescribed other.

The introductory part, or, as it is also called, the exposition, occupies twelve stanzas in this Lomonosov ode. The poet glorifies Elizabeth against the background of her predecessors on the throne, strictly following one after another. In the royal portrait gallery, the father of the current ruler, Peter I, is especially highlighted. This is the idol of the poet. It is clear to the reader from the detailed and highly pathetic characterization of Peter that it was from him that his daughter took over the baton of great deeds.

From the fourteenth stanza the ode enters its main part. The idea expands, and its artistic implementation suddenly begins to exhibit new, unconventional features. The lyrical pathos moves from the dynasty of rulers to the majestic image of the Fatherland, to its inexhaustible natural resources, enormous spiritual and creative possibilities:

This glory belongs to You alone, Monarch, Your vast power, Oh, how it thanks You! Look at the high mountains, Look at your wide fields, Where the Volga, the Dnieper, where the Ob flows; The wealth in them is hidden, Science will reveal, That blooms with Your generosity.

This is where there is scope for the inspiration of the lyrical hero! The virtues of “beautiful Elizabeth” are gradually fading into the background. The poet's thoughts are now occupied with something else. It changes itself thematic direction odes. And the author himself is now not just a copyist. He is a patriotic scientist who draws readers' attention to pressing problems for Russia. The development of science will help to master the riches of the North, the Siberian taiga and the Far East. Russian sailors, with the help of cartographers, discover new lands, paving the way to “unknown peoples”:

There the wet path of the fleet turns white, And the sea strives to give way: Columbus of Russia, through the waters, Hastens to proclaim Your bounties to unknown peoples.

Pluto himself, the mythical owner of underground wealth, is forced to cede to the mineral developers of the Northern and Ural (Riphean) mountains. Let us remember, by the way, that Lomonosov perfectly studied the mining business:

And behold, Minerva strikes the top of Rifeyski with a spear. Silver and gold flow through all your inheritance. Pluto is restless in the crevices, That Ross is given into his hands Dragging his metal from the mountains, Which nature hid there; From the brilliance of the daylight He turns away his gloomy gaze.

And yet, the main thing that will bring Russia into the ranks of world powers is, according to the poet, new generations of people: educated, enlightened Russian youths devoted to science:

O you, whom the Fatherland expects from its depths, And desires to see such, Whom it calls from foreign countries, Oh, your days are blessed! Dare, now encouraged, to show with your zeal that the Russian land can give birth to its own Platos And quick-witted Newtons. Sciences nourish young men, serve joy to the old, decorate them in a happy life, protect them in an unfortunate event; There is joy in difficulties at home And in distant travels there is no hindrance, Sciences are used everywhere: Among peoples and in the desert, In the city garden and alone, In sweet peace and in work.

The topic of the decisive role of science and education in the development of the country was stated, as we remember, by Cantemir. Trediakovsky served science with his creativity and his entire life. And now Lomonosov perpetuates this theme, puts it on a poetic pedestal. Exactly so, because the two stanzas just quoted are the culmination of the ode, its highest lyrical peak, the pinnacle of emotional animation.

But the poet seems to come to his senses, remembering that the ode is dedicated to an official event: the annually celebrated date of the empress’s accession to the throne. The final stanza again directly addresses Elizabeth. This stanza is obligatory, ceremonial and therefore, I think, not the most expressive. The poet effortlessly rhymes the boring word “without stumbling” with the epithet “blessed”:

To you, O Source of mercy, O Angel of our peaceful years! The Almighty is a helper to him who dares with his pride, seeing our peace, to rebel against you in war; The Creator will preserve you in all your paths without stumbling, and will compare your blessed life with the number of your bounties.

Clearly not the best stanza! Let's try to pose the question as follows: if the genre of the classicist ode is an expression of certain political and state views, then in Lomonosov's ode whose views are these to a greater extent, the empress or the poet himself? In answering this question, the third stanza is especially important. In it, Elizabeth is presented as a peacemaker who stopped all wars for the sake of peace and happiness of the Russians:

When She ascended the throne, As the Most High gave her a crown, She returned You to Russia, Put an end to the war; Having received you, she kissed you: “I am full of those victories,” she said, “For which blood flows.” I enjoy Ross's happiness, I do not exchange their peace for the whole West and East.

But in reality, Elizabeth was not a peacemaker at all! The warlike ruler conceived new and new campaigns on the borders of the Russian state. Military battles placed a heavy burden on the families of Russian working people. How little did the real Elizaveta Petrovna correspond to the ideal of the ruler of the country that is recreated in the work! And what kind of person you had to be, not just brave, but daring, to praise the empress for foreign policy, the opposite of what she established in relation to military operations! With his ode, Lomonosov told Elizaveta Petrovna that Russia needs peace and does not need war. The pathos and style of the work are peacemaking, and not invitingly aggressive. The stanzas become beautiful and magnificent in terms of the abundance of expressive means when the poet addresses the theme of peace together with the sciences and demands that the “fiery”, that is, military, sounds fall silent:

Be silent, fiery sounds, And stop shaking the light: Here in the world, Elizabeth deigned to expand science. You impudent whirlwinds, do not dare to roar, but meekly divulge Our beautiful names. In silence, listen, universe: Behold, the delighted Lyra wants to say great names.

Lomonosov's metaphors are especially colorful. Metaphor (in Greek metaphora´ means transfer) is an artistic technique that combines different phenomena or objects into one image, transferring the properties of these different objects to each other. Because phenomena or objects are compared within the image, it receives additional emotional and semantic meanings, its boundaries are expanded, the image becomes three-dimensional, bright and original. Lomonosov loved metaphors precisely for their ability to connect disparate details into a coherent grandiose picture, to lead to the main idea of the work. “Metaphor,” he noted in his “Rhetoric” (1748), “ideas appear much more lively and more magnificent than simply.” Lomonosov's artistic thinking was essentially, as they would say now, synthesizing.

Here is one example of Lomonosov's metaphor. The fifth stanza from the ode “On the Day of Ascension...”:

So that the word can be equal to them, the abundance of our strength is small; But we cannot refrain From singing Your praises; Your generosity encourages Our spirit and directs us to run, Like a capable wind in a swimmer’s show-off, The waves break through the ravines, He leaves the shore with joy; The food flies between the depths of the water.

Most of the space in this stanza is occupied by a complex and florid metaphor. More often, metaphors are several words or one sentence long. Here you are amazed at the scale of the metaphorical image. To isolate it, you will have to think carefully about the text. Before us is an exquisite compliment to the Empress. The poet complains that he does not have sublime words equal to the virtues of Elizabeth, and nevertheless, he decides to sing these virtues. At the same time, he feels like an inexperienced swimmer who has dared to swim alone “through the raging waves” of the “pont” (that is, the Black Sea). The swimmer is guided and supported along the way by a “capable”, that is, tailwind. In a similar way, the poetic spirit of the author is ignited and guided by the remarkable deeds of Elizabeth, her “generosity.”

To convey the greatness and scope of thought to the ode, Lomonosov had to resort to difficult turns of phrase. In his "Rhetoric" he theoretically substantiated the legitimacy of the "decoration" of the poetic syllable. Each phrase, obeying the high odic style, should give rise to a feeling of pomp and splendor. And here, in his opinion, even inventions are commendable: for example, such “sentences in which the subject and predicate are combined in some strange, unusual or unnatural way, and thus constitute something important and pleasant.” G.A. Gukovsky figuratively and accurately spoke about this poet’s desire for both colorful splendor and harmonious harmony: “Lomonosov builds entire colossal verbal buildings, reminiscent of Rastrelli’s huge palaces; his periods, by their very volume, by their very rhythm, give the impression of a gigantic rise of thought and pathos. Groups of words and sentences symmetrically located in them seem to subordinate the immense elements of the present and future to human thought and the human plan.”

The splendor and splendor of the poetic style help Lomonosov to recreate the powerful energy and colorful clarity of the paintings described. For example, in an ode from 1742 there is a surprisingly vivid picture of a military battle, in the center of which is the personified image of Death. The contemplation of this image gives me goosebumps:

There the horses with stormy feet fling up thick ashes to the sky, There Death between the Gothic regiments Runs, furious, from rank to rank, And the greedy jaw opens, And stretches out cold hands, Their proud spirit is snatched away.

And what wonderful horses with “stormy legs”! You can’t express yourself like that in ordinary speech, but you can in poetic speech. Moreover, the “stormy legs” of the horses, flying thick dust to the sky, is almost a cosmic image. Carried out along a very thin poetic blade. A little to the side, and everything will break into absurdity.

Half a century later, the innovative poet, founder of Russian romanticism V.A. Zhukovsky, describing a special state of mind inspired by the twilight descending in rural silence, will write: “The soul is full of cool silence.” He will amaze his contemporaries with an unprecedentedly bold combination of words. "Can silence be cool!" - strict critics will reproach the poet. But Lomonosov was the first in Russian poetry to resort to bold combinations of words and concepts in his metaphorical style!

“Ode on the Day of the Accession...” was written by M.V. Lomonosov after August 13, 1747, when Empress Elizaveta Petrovna approved the new charter and staff of the Academy of Sciences, doubling the allocations for its needs. Here the poet glorifies the world, fearing a new war: Austria, England and Holland, then fighting with France and Prussia for the Austrian inheritance, dragged Russia into the European battle, demanding the sending of Russian troops to the banks of the Rhine. In this ode, the poet glorifies Elizabeth and “silence,” setting out a program for the peaceful development of the country, where the first place is given to the promotion of science and knowledge.

Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov. Ode on the day of Elizabeth Petrovna’s accession to the All-Russian throne. Read by Arseny Zamostyanov

Kings and kingdoms of the earth are a delight,
Beloved silence,
The bliss of the villages, the city fence,
How useful and beautiful you are!
Flowers are colorful around you,
And the fields in the fields turn yellow;
The ships are full of treasures
They dare to follow you into the sea;
You pour in with a generous hand
Your wealth on earth.

In the bloody fields Mars was afraid,
Petrov’s sword is in vain in his hands,
And with trembling Neptune imagined,
Looking at the Russian flag.
The walls are suddenly fortified
And surrounded by buildings,
Doubtful Neva advertisement:
“Or am I now forgotten?
And I bowed down from that path,
Which I flowed before?”

Then the sciences are divine,
Through mountains, rivers and seas
They extended their hands to Russia,
To this monarch saying:
“We are extremely careful to
Submit in the Russian gender new
Fruits of the purest mind."
The monarch calls them to himself,
Russia is already waiting
It is useful to see their work.

Although the constant snow
The northern country is covered,
Where Borey's frozen wings
Your banners flutter;
But God is between the icy mountains
Great for its miracles:
There Lena is pure rapids,
Like the Nile, he will give the peoples drink
And Bregi finally loses,
Comparing the width of the sea.

There the darkness of islands is sown,
The river is like the ocean;
Heavenly blue blankets,
The peacock is put to shame by the corvid.
There are clouds of different birds flying,
What variegation exceeds
Tender spring clothes;
Eating in fragrant groves
And floating in pleasant streams,
They don't know harsh winters.

And behold, Minerva strikes
To the top of Rifeyski with a copy

OH YEAH
on the day of accession to the All-Russian throne
Her Majesty the Empress
Elisaveta Petrovna 1747

Kings and kingdoms of the earth are a delight,
Beloved silence.
The bliss of the villages, the city fence,
How useful and beautiful you are!
The flowers around you are full of flowers
And the fields in the fields turn yellow;
The ships are full of treasures
They dare to follow you into the sea;
You pour in with a generous hand
Your wealth on earth.

When she took the throne,
As the Most High gave her a crown,
Brought you back to Russia
Put an end to the war*;
She kissed you when she received you:
I'm full of those victories, she said,
For whom blood flows.
I enjoy Russian happiness,
I don't change their calmness
The whole west and east.

Befitting the divine lips,
Monarch, this gentle voice:
O how worthily exalted
This day and that blessed hour,
When from a joyful change
The Petrovs raised the walls
Splash and click to the stars!
When you carried the cross with your hand*
And she took her to the throne with her
Your kindness is a beautiful face!

Be silent, fiery sounds*,
And stop shaking the light;
Here in the world to expand science
Elizabeth did so.
You impudent whirlwinds, don’t dare
Roar, but meekly divulge
Our times are wonderful.
Listen in silence, universe:
Behold, the lyre is delighted
The names are great to say.

Terrible with wonderful deeds
Creator of the world from time immemorial
He laid down his destinies
Glorify yourself in our days;
Sent a Man to Russia
What has been unheard of since ages.
Through all the obstacles he ascended
The head, crowned with victories,
Russia, trampled by rudeness,
He raised him to the skies with him.

In the bloody fields Mars was afraid,
Petrov’s sword is in vain in his hands,
And with trembling Neptune imagined,
Looking at the Russian flag.
The walls are suddenly fortified
And surrounded by buildings,
Doubtful Neva* advertisement:
“Or am I now forgotten?
And I bowed down from that path,
Which I flowed before?”

Then the sciences are divine
Through mountains, rivers and seas
They extended their hands to Russia,
To this monarch saying:
“We are extremely careful to
Submit in the Russian gender new
Fruits of the purest mind."
The monarch calls them to himself*,
Russia is already waiting
It is useful to see their work.

In so much righteous sadness
Their path was doubtful;
And just as they walked they wished
Look at the coffin and the deeds.
But meek Catherine*,
There is only one joy in Petra,
Accepts them with a generous hand.
Oh, if only her life could last longer,
Sekwana would have been ashamed long ago
With your art in front of the Neva!

A lot of land space
When the Almighty ordered
Happy citizenship to you,
Then he opened the treasures,
What India boasts of;
But Russia demands it
By the art of approved hands.
This gold will cleanse the vein;

The stones will feel the power too
Sciences restored by you.

Behold the gloomy eternity
Hope opens to us!
Where there are no rules, no law,
Wisdom there builds the temple;
Ignorance pales before her.
There the wet fleet path turns white,
And the sea tries to give in:
Russian Columbus* through the waters
Hastens to unknown nations
Proclaim your bounties.

There the darkness of islands is sown,
The river is like the Ocean*;
Heavenly blue blankets,
The peacock is put to shame by the corvid.
There are clouds of different birds flying,
What variegation exceeds
Tender spring clothes;
Eating in fragrant groves
And floating in pleasant streams,
They don't know the severity of winter.

And behold Minerva strikes*
To the top of Rifeyski with a copy;
Silver and gold are running out
In all your inheritance.
Pluto is restless in the crevices,
What the Russians are putting into their hands
Dredging his metal from the mountains,
Which nature hid there;
From the brilliance of the daylight
He turns away his gaze gloomily.

Sciences nourish youths*
Joy is served to the old,
In a happy life they decorate,
In case of an accident they take care of it;
There's joy in troubles at home
And on distant journeys there is no hindrance.
Science is used everywhere
Among the nations and in the desert,
In the city noise and food,
Sweet in peace and in work.

Ode on the day of the accession... of Elizabeth Petrovna, 1747. — In 1747, Elizabeth’s government increased allocations for academic needs. Perhaps, only in the “Khotyn” ode can the lyrical “delight” be compared in strength and sincerity with the emotional rise of the ode of 1747. The point here, of course, is not a partial improvement in the academic budget in itself. The fact is that this fact gave Lomonosov the opportunity to glorify his most sincere idea - the idea of the high national, state and moral benefit of the sciences. The ode of 1747 is rightfully one of Lomonosov’s most popular poetic works. Both in theme (Motherland, science, glorification of “silence”, peace) and in artistic decoration, this poem has no parallel in the odic poetry of that time.
The war was put to an end... - The war with the Swedes 1741-1743. ended a few months after Elizabeth's coronation.
When you carried the cross with your hand... - Lomonosov reminds Elizabeth of how the palace coup began on November 25, 1741, which brought her to power (“Petrov’s daughter” came out to the Preobrazhensky people with a cross in her hand and swore them in as empress).
Fiery sounds... are a metaphorical definition of war.
Doubtful Neva... - The Neva does not seem to recognize its banks in the place where St. Petersburg grew up.
The monarch calls them to himself... - Having planned to found the Academy of Sciences, Peter
negotiated with the largest scientists in Europe (Leibniz, Wolff, etc.) in
in order to attract them to Russia.
The envious one is rejected by fate... - meaning the death of Peter.
Meek Catherine... - Catherine I, widow of Peter. Under her, on December 27, 1725, the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences was opened. Russian Columbus... - Lomonosov is referring to one of the leaders of the so-called Second Kamchatka Expedition, A.I. Chirikov.
There, sown with the darkness of islands, // The Ocean is like a river... - It is assumed that Lomonosov is talking here about the Kuril Islands and the Kuril Current, passing from north to south along the shores of Kamchatka, the Kuril Islands to the northern shores of Japan.
And behold, Minerva strikes... - an allegorical picture of the penetration of science (the wise Minerva) into the secret treasury of nature, further personified in the image of Pluto; in 1745, the first primary gold deposit was discovered in the Urals, marking the beginning of its industrial mining.
The sciences nourish young men... - this stanza is a free poetic elaboration of a theme borrowed from Cicero’s speech “In Defense of the Poet Archius.”

The work that we will consider has a longer and more meaningful title: “Ode on the day of the accession to the All-Russian Throne of Her Majesty Empress Elizabeth Petrovna 1747.” It was written in honor of the most important holiday for the entire country. In this article we will look at what I wanted to say in my own - “Ode on the Day of Ascension”. Summary and analysis of this work will help us understand the scientist’s message. So let's get started.

Lomonosov, “Ode on the Day of Ascension.” Summary

In his work, the author glorifies the greatness of Russia, the riches of its lands and seas, happy villages, strong cities, and harvests. Then he moves on to the image of Elizabeth. Lomonosov describes her as beautiful, kind, generous, calm, having ended the war on Russian soil. He says that science is developing in peaceful Russia, and good times have come. All this is described using various metaphors and others with which Lomonosov’s ode “On the Day of Ascension” is full.

In the last part he returns to the “source of mercy” - Elizabeth. Lomonosov calls her the angel of peaceful years. He says that the Almighty protects and blesses her.

Analysis of M. V. Lomonosov’s ode on the day of the accession of Empress Elisaveta Petrovna

As readers have probably noticed, the author praises the empress for peacetime. However, it was not like that. This was the only way he tried to convey to the empress his opinion that Russia had enough of fighting, a lot of blood had been shed, it was time to enjoy peace.

Why is he writing about this? At that time, the question arose about whether Russia would participate in the war along with the countries that fought against France and Prussia. The author, like many others, is against this. He wants Russia to develop. Therefore, it can be said that his laudatory ode is political in nature, his own program for peace.

Nevertheless, the empress had merit. She began to conduct peace negotiations with Sweden. Lomonosov did not forget to note this moment in his song of praise (“Ode on the Day of Ascension”). The summary shows us how a scientist and writer praises Elizabeth for the development of science. This is due to the fact that in 1747 the Empress increased the amount of funds for the needs of the Academy. After this act, his famous ode was written by the scientist.

Techniques used in the work

The main literary device used in the ode is metaphor. Thanks to her, Lomonosov manages to beautifully exalt his country, its ruler, and call for peace and development. He calls peacetime beloved silence, war - fiery sounds.

Comparisons are also found in the work: “the soul of her marshmallow is quieter,” “the vision is more beautiful than paradise.”

Thanks to personification, Lomonosov animates various phenomena: “be silent... sounds”, “whirlwinds, do not dare to roar”, “Mars was afraid”, “Neptune was imagining”.

Why did the author choose such a genre as ode for his work?

Lomonosov was a true patriot of his country. He praised her in every possible way, rooted for her with all his soul. Many of his works were written in the genre of ode. This is due to the fact that this genre allowed him to glorify everything that seemed significant to him. After all, “ode” is translated from Greek as “song”. This genre helped Lomonosov use a majestic style and artistic techniques. Thanks to him, he was able to convey his view of the development of Russia. At the same time, he maintained the classicistic rigor of the language in his “Ode on the Day of Ascension.” The summary shows us how important the author was able to touch upon in his ode. Another genre would hardly have given him the opportunity to so eloquently convey his ideas and views to the ruler.

Conclusion

We have reviewed one of the best literary works written by M.V. Lomonosov - “Ode on the day of Elizabeth Petrovna’s accession to the throne.” The summary showed what topics the author touched upon, how he conveyed them, and what significance they had. We learned that Lomonosov was a patriot. He wanted ruler Elizabeth to continue the work of her father: to engage in education and science.

We learned that the scientist and writer was against war and the shedding of blood. With the written ode, he managed to convey his views on the desired future of Russia to the empress herself. Thus, he wrote this work not just in honor of the annual celebration of the empress’s accession to the throne. To them, Lomonosov conveyed to the ruler his vision of the country's development.

Icon of Saint Elizabeth Elizaveta Fedorovna Romanova, what they pray to her for

How to fry frozen dumplings in a frying pan How to deliciously and quickly fry store-bought boiled dumplings: recipe